Journal: SAGE Open Medicine

Article Title: A novel prostate cancer immunotherapy using prostate-specific antigen peptides and Candida skin test reagent as an adjuvant

doi: 10.1177/2050312118800202

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFN-γ ELISPOT assay results assessing the immunogenicity of the PSA peptides in prostate cancer patients (n = 10). The results of patients with positive response to at least one PSA peptide or peptide pool are shown (n = 4). The error bars represent standard error of means, and the boxed numbers represent positivity indices, which are calculated by dividing the mean SFUs in peptide wells with the mean SFUs in media only wells.

Article Snippet: The spots formed by IFN-γ-secreting T-cells were counted with an automated enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) analyzer (AID ELISPOT Classic Reader; AID Autoimmun Diagnostika GmbH, Strassberg, Germany).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunospot

Journal: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Article Title: T cell immunity rather than antibody mediates cross-protection against Zika virus infection conferred by a live attenuated Japanese encephalitis SA14-14-2 vaccine

doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-10710-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cross-reactive cytokine responses in mouse splenocytes. a Schedule. Three weeks after the final immunization, splenocytes from adult C57BL/6 mice were collected. b The cytokines IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ secreted by splenocytes were determined using ELISPOT ( n = 7). The numbers of cytokine-positive cells are reported as the mean SFU/3 × 10 5 splenocytes + SD. Asterisk indicates P < 0.05; double asterisk indicates P < 0.01; triple asterisk indicates P < 0.001

Article Snippet: Three weeks after the final immunization, the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ secreted by the splenocytes of C57BL/6 mice were determined using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) kits (BD, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions and the previous protocol (Wang et al. , ).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunospot

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Peripheral CD19 hi B cells exhibit activated phenotype and functionality in promoting IgG and IgM production in human autoimmune diseases

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14089-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD19 hi B cells possess more ability of immunoglobulin production. (a) Working scheme of detection on IgG production by CD19 hi and CD19 lo B cells. After 3 days’ co-culture with activated CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells differentiated into CD19 hi and CD19 lo B cells. Purified CD19 hi and CD19 lo B cells were then incubated for another 5 days with/without resting or activated CD4 + T cells, respectively. IgG ELSPOT assay was performed and SFU indicated the number of IgG-producing B cells in the culture. (b) Representative of IgG ELISPOT assay from CD19 hi and CD19 lo B cells. Upper lane: CD19 lo B cells alone, or co-cultured with resting or activated CD4 + T cells; Lower lane: CD19 hi B cells alone, or co-cultured with resting or activated CD4 + T cells. Similar results were obtained in two independent experiments.

Article Snippet: IgG B cell enzyme-linked immunospot (ELSPOT) assay (U-CyTech, Netherlands) was performed according to the manufacturer’s instruction.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Purification, Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, Cell Culture